入门

¥Getting started

欢迎来到 Socket.IO 教程！

¥Welcome to the Socket.IO tutorial!

在本教程中，我们将创建一个基本的聊天应用。它几乎不需要 Node.JS 或 Socket.IO 的基础知识，因此它适合所有知识水平的用户。

¥In this tutorial we'll create a basic chat application. It requires almost no basic prior knowledge of Node.JS or Socket.IO, so it’s ideal for users of all knowledge levels.

介绍

¥Introduction

使用 LAMP (PHP) 等流行的 Web 应用堆栈编写聊天应用通常非常困难。它涉及轮询服务器以了解更改，跟踪时间戳，并且它比应有的速度要慢得多。

¥Writing a chat application with popular web applications stacks like LAMP (PHP) has normally been very hard. It involves polling the server for changes, keeping track of timestamps, and it’s a lot slower than it should be.

传统上，套接字是大多数实时聊天系统构建的解决方案，在客户端和服务器之间提供双向通信通道。

¥Sockets have traditionally been the solution around which most real-time chat systems are architected, providing a bi-directional communication channel between a client and a server.

这意味着服务器可以向客户端推送消息。每当你编写聊天消息时，服务器都会获取它并将其推送到所有其他连接的客户端。

¥This means that the server can push messages to clients. Whenever you write a chat message, the idea is that the server will get it and push it to all other connected clients.

如何使用本教程

¥How to use this tutorial

工具

¥Tooling

任何文本编辑器（从基本文本编辑器到完整的 IDE，如 VS Code）都足以完成本教程。

¥Any text editor (from a basic text editor to a complete IDE such as VS Code) should be sufficient to complete this tutorial.

此外，在每个步骤的末尾，你都会找到一些在线平台（即 CodeSandbox 和 StackBlitz）的链接，允许你直接从浏览器运行代码：

¥Additionally, at the end of each step you will find a link to some online platforms (CodeSandbox and StackBlitz, namely), allowing you to run the code directly from your browser:

语法设置

¥Syntax settings

在 Node.js 世界中，有两种导入模块的方法：

¥In the Node.js world, there are two ways to import modules:

• 标准方式：ECMAScript 模块（或 ESM）

  ¥the standard way: ECMAScript modules (or ESM)

import { Server } from "socket.io";

参考：https://nodejs.cn/api/esm.html

¥Reference: https://nodejs.cn/api/esm.html

• 传统方式：CommonJS

  ¥the legacy way: CommonJS

const { Server } = require("socket.io");

参考：https://nodejs.cn/api/modules.html

¥Reference: https://nodejs.cn/api/modules.html

Socket.IO 支持这两种语法。

¥Socket.IO supports both syntax.

tip

我们建议在你的项目中使用 ESM 语法，尽管由于某些包不支持此语法，这可能并不总是可行。

¥We recommend using the ESM syntax in your project, though this might not always be feasible due to some packages not supporting this syntax.

为了你的方便，在整个教程中，每个代码块都允许你选择你喜欢的语法：

¥For your convenience, throughout the tutorial, each code block allows you to select your preferred syntax:

CommonJS

const { Server } = require("socket.io");

ES modules

import { Server } from "socket.io";

准备好？单击 "下一个" 开始。

¥Ready? Click "Next" to get started.